Understanding Routing and Switch Technology, Configuration, Troubleshooting, Setup and Design.
I’d like to tell you a story about ZTNA. Imagine your company is like a big castle. Inside, there are many rooms, each with important stuff, like treasure, secrets, or your favorite toys. But now, some people want to work from far away, outside the castle. How do you let them in without letting strangers […]
Fortigate Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) Read More »
When building a webpage, HTML provides the structure. It’s where you define the basic elements of the page, like the , , and various other tags that organize content. CSS comes in to define how those elements should appear visually on the page. It handles styling—everything from colors and fonts to positioning and layout. CSS
The Core of Web Development (HTML, CSS, and JavaScript) Read More »
GRE over IPsec and IPsec over GRE are both tunneling configurations, but they have key differences in implementation and use cases. Key Differences When you apply crypto map directly on the GRE tunnel interface, IPSec encapulates the interesting traffic and then this IPSec packet is placed into GRE. interface Tunnel0 crypto map CMAP —————-> IPSec over GRE When
The VLAN ID specifies where 802.1Q tagged packets are sent and received on a specified subinterface. An 802.1Q VLAN subinterface must have a configured VLAN ID to send and receive traffic; without a VLAN ID, the subinterface remains in the down state. All VLAN IDs must be unique among all subinterfaces configured on the same
Different physical interfaces with same Vlan ID Read More »
A network-to-network interface (NNI) is a physical interface that connects two or more networks and defines inter signaling and management processes. It enables the linking of networks using signaling, Internet Protocol (IP) or Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks. A network-to-network interface is also known as a network node interface (NNI). A NNI is used to provide the
Network-to-network interface (NNI) Read More »
What is point of presence (POP)? A point of presence is an artificial demarcation point OR interface point between communicating entities. It may include a meet-me-room. In the US, this term became important during the court-ordered breakup of the Bell Telephone system. A point of presence was a location where a long-distance carrier could terminate
Point of Presence (POP) Read More »
3 major network performance indicators / Base for network troubleshooting: – Latency is the time required to vehiculate a packet across a network. Latency may be measured in many different ways: round trip, one way, etc… Latency may be impacted by any element in the chain which is used to vehiculate data: workstation, WAN links, routers,
Network Performance: Links Between Latency, Throughput, and Packet Loss Read More »
Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) is advanced, Layer 3 IP switching technology. CEF optimizes network performance and scalability for networks with large and dynamic traffic patterns, such as the Internet, on networks characterized by intensive Web-based applications, or interactive sessions. Layer 3 switch process a. Process switching – Requires the CPU to be personally involved with
Understanding CEF? Read More »
I. Overview We all know that in cisco in order to communicate vlans between different switches is we need to create a “Trunk Links” to pass the vlan traffic. Cisco switchport modes: 1. Dynamic – Pro-active DTP negotiation will begin and if the other-side is set to trunk, desirable, or auto. The interface will become a trunk.
How vlan Works on HP Switches Read More »
1. What is SPT? 2. What is BPDU? 3. BPDU send’s update every? 4. Criteria to be a root bridge? 5. What mac address are we using to BID? 6. PVSTP? 7. If we have 15 vlan how many instance we create on PVST? 8. RSTP? 9. If we have 15 vlan how many instance
